Iyo CNC sisitimu yeCNC muchina maturusi
Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa maitiro eCNC muchina maturusi, uye kana uchiongorora maitiro ezvishandiso, hunhu hweCNC muchina maturusi anofanirwa kutariswa. Tichifunga nezve dzakatevedzana zvinhu senge kurongeka kwechikamu nzira nzira, kusarudzwa kwematurusi emuchina, kusarudzwa kwekucheka maturusi, uye kusungirirwa kwezvikamu. Yakasiyana CNC muchina maturusi anoenderana neakasiyana maitiro uye workpieces, uye nzira yekusarudza inonzwisisika muchina chishandiso chave kiyi yekuvandudza kunyatsoita uye kuderedza mari kumabhizinesi. Iyo CNC sisitimu yemuchina weCNC mudziyo unosanganisira CNC mudziyo, feed drive (feed rate control unit uye servo mota), spindle drive (spindle yekumhanyisa control unit uye spindle mota), uye yekuona zvinhu. Pakusarudza CNC system, zviri pamusoro zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa.
1, Kusarudzwa kweCNC zvishandiso
(1) Type sarudzo
Sarudza inoenderana CNC mudziyo zvinoenderana nerudzi rweCNC muchina chishandiso. Kazhinji, CNC zvishandiso zvakakodzerwa nemhando dzemachining senge kutendeuka, kuchera, kufinha, kugaya, kugaya, kutsika, uye kucheka kwemagetsi kubuda, uye inofanirwa kusarudzwa zvinoenderana.
(2) Kusarudzwa kwekuita
Kuitwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzeCNC zvishandiso kunosiyana zvakanyanya, senge nhamba yeakisi yekutonga inosanganisira imwechete axis, 2-axis, 3-axis, 4-axis, 5-axis, uye kunyange kupfuura gumi kana makumi maviri ekisi; Pane 2 kana kupfuura linkages mbezo, uye kunonyanyisa feed kumhanya iri 10m/min, 15m/min, 24m/min, 240m/min; Sarudzo ndeye 0.01mm, 0.001mm, uye 0.0001mm. Izvi zviratidzo zvakasiyana, uye mitengo yakasiyanawo. Dzinofanirwa kunge dzichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvemuchina chishandiso. Semuyenzaniso, kune general turning machining, 2 kana 4 maaxes (double tool holder) control inofanira kusarudzwa, uye kune flat parts machining, 3 kana kupfuura mbezo linkages inofanira kusarudzwa. Usatevere yazvino uye yepamusoro-soro, sarudza zvine hungwaru.
(3) Kusarudzwa kwemabasa
Iyo CNC system yeCNC muchina maturusi ane mabasa mazhinji, kusanganisira akakosha mabasa - akakosha mabasa eCNC zvishandiso; Sarudzo basa - basa revashandisi kusarudza kubva. Mamwe mabasa anosarudzwa kuti agadzirise akasiyana machining zvinhu, mamwe ekuvandudza machining mhando, mamwe kufambisa hurongwa, uye mamwe ekuvandudza kushanda nekugadzirisa mashandiro. Mamwe mabasa ekusarudza ane hukama, uye kusarudza iyi sarudzo kunoda kusarudza imwe sarudzo. Nokudaro, kusarudzwa kunofanira kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvemuchina wekushandisa. Usasarudze mabasa akawanda pasina ongororo, uye siya mabasa akakodzera, ayo anozoderedza kushanda kweCNC muchina chishandiso uye kukonzera kurasikirwa kusingakoshi.
Kune marudzi maviri ezvigadzirisheni zvinogadziriswa mubasa rekusarudza: yakavakirwa-mukati uye yakazvimirira. Zvakanakisisa kusarudza rudzi rwemukati, rune mhando dzakasiyana. Chekutanga, kusarudzwa kunofanirwa kuve kwakavakirwa pahuwandu hwekupinza uye kubuda kwechiratidzo mapoinzi pakati peCNC mudziyo nemuchina wekushandisa. Nhamba yakasarudzwa yemapoinzi inofanira kunge yakakwira zvishoma pane iyo chaiyo nhamba yemapoinzi, uye imwe kapu inogona kuda yakawedzera uye yakagadziridzwa kudzora maitiro. Chechipiri, zvinodikanwa kuenzanisa saizi yezvirongwa zvinoteedzana uye sarudza kuchengetedza kugona. Saizi yechirongwa inowedzera nekuoma kwechishandiso chemuchina, uye huwandu hwekuchengetedza hunowedzerawo. Inofanira kusarudzwa zvinonzwisisika maererano nemamiriro chaiwo. Kune zvakare hunyanzvi hwekuita senge nguva yekugadzirisa, basa rekuraira, timer, counter, relay yemukati, nezvimwe, uye huwandu hunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira.
(4) Kusarudzwa kwemutengo
Nyika dzakasiyana uye vagadziri vemidziyo yeCNC vanogadzira zvakasiyana siyana zvezvigadzirwa zvine mutsauko wakakosha wemitengo. Zvichienderana nekusarudzwa kwemhando dzekutonga, kuita, uye mashandiro, kuongororwa kwakadzama kweyero yemutengo wekuita kunofanirwa kuitwa kusarudza CNC zvishandiso zvine reshiyo yepamusoro yemutengo wekuita kuti uderedze mitengo.
(5) Kusarudzwa kwehunyanzvi masevhisi
Paunenge uchisarudza CNC zvishandiso zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi, kutariswa kunofanirwa kupihwa kune mukurumbira wemugadziri, kana mirairo yekushandiswa kwechigadzirwa uye mamwe magwaro akazara, uye kana zvichibvira kudzidzisa vashandisi nezvezvirongwa, kushanda, uye kugadzirisa vashandi. Pane here yakazvitsaurira tekinoroji sevhisi dhipatimendi iro rinopa-refu-refu mativi ezvimedu uye nenguva yekugadzirisa masevhisi kuti awedzere hunyanzvi uye hupfumi mabhenefiti.
2, Kusarudzwa kwekudya kwekutya
(1) Kukosha kunofanirwa kupihwa pakushandisa AC servo mota
Nekuti kana ichienzaniswa neDC mota, ine diki rotor inertia, iri nani simba remhinduro, yakakwira yekubuda simba, kumhanya kwepamusoro, chimiro chakareruka, mutengo wakaderera, uye nharaunda isina kurambidzwa yekushandisa.
(2) Verenga mutoro mamiriro
Sarudza yakakodzera servo mota yakatarwa nekuverenga nemazvo mamiriro emutoro akaiswa kune mota shaft.
(3) Sarudza inoenderana nekumhanyisa control unit
Iyo feed drive inogadzira seti yakakwana yezvigadzirwa zveyedhisheni yekudzora chiyero uye servo mota inogadzirwa, saka mushure mekusarudza iyo servo mota, inoenderana nekumhanyisa control unit inosarudzwa zvinoenderana nechigadzirwa bhuku.
3, Kusarudzwa kwe spindle drive
(1) Kukosha kunofanirwa kupihwa kune mainstream spindle motors
Nekuti haina zvipimo zvekufamba, kumhanya kukuru, uye hukuru hukuru senge DC spindle motors, ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekugara kwesimba kumhanya kudzora, ruzha rushoma, uye yakachipa. Parizvino, 85% yeCNC muchina maturusi pasi rese anoshandisa AC spindle drive.
(2) Sarudza iyo spindle mota sezvinodiwa
① Verenga simba rekucheka zvichibva pane akasiyana maturusi emuchina, uye mota yakasarudzwa inofanirwa kuita izvi zvinodiwa; ② Zvinoenderana neinodiwa spindle kukwidziridzwa uye kudzikisira nguva, verenga kuti simba remota harifanirwe kudarika iro rakanyanya kubuda simba remota; ③ Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kazhinji kutanga uye braking kwechipindo chinodiwa, avhareji yesimba inofanirwa kuverengerwa, uye kukosha kwayo hakugone kudarika inoenderera yakayerwa kuburitsa simba remota; ④ Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo nguva dzose kutonga kwepamusoro kunodiwa, huwandu hwesimba rekucheka rinodiwa kuti rirambe riri pamusoro pekumhanya kwepamusoro uye simba rinodiwa kuti riwedzere rinofanira kunge riri mukati memagetsi emagetsi anogona kupa.
(3) Sarudza inoenderana spindle yekumhanyisa control unit
Iyo spindle drive inogadzira inopa yakazara seti yezvigadzirwa zve spindle kumhanya yekudzora unit uye spindle mota inogadzirwa. Naizvozvo, mushure mekusarudza iyo spindle mota, inoenderana spindle kumhanya yekudzora unit inosarudzwa zvinoenderana nechigadzirwa bhuku.
(4) Sarudza nzira yekudzora nzira
Kana inotungamira kudzora kweiyo spindle ichidikanwa, chinzvimbo encoder kana magineti sensor inogona kusarudzwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo emuchina wekushandisa kuti uwane spindle directional control.
4, Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvinoonekwa
(1) Sarudza nzira yekuyera
Zvinoenderana neiyo chinzvimbo chekutonga chirongwa cheCNC system, mutsara wekutamisa wemuchina mudziyo unoyerwa zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga, uye mutsara kana rotary yekuona zvikamu zvinosarudzwa. Parizvino, CNC muchina maturusi anoshandisa zvakanyanya semi yakavharwa loop control, uchishandisa rotary angle yekuyera zvikamu (rotary transformers, pulse encoder).
（2） Funga nezve chokwadi chekuonekwa nekumhanya
Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveCNC muchina maturusi, kungave kuona kurongeka kana kumhanya, sarudza chinzvimbo kana kukurumidza kuona zvikamu (yekuedza jenareta, pulse encoder). Kazhinji kutaura, maturusi emuchina mahombe anonyanya kugadzirwa kuti asangane nekumhanya zvinodiwa, nepo yakakwirira-chaiyo uye madiki uye epakati-saizi muchina maturusi anonyanya kugadzirwa kuti asangane nemazvo zvinodiwa. Kugadziriswa kwechikamu chakasarudzwa chekuona kunowanzo kuve kurongeka kwehukuru hwepamusoro kupfuura kurongeka kwemuchina.
(3) Sarudza pulse encoder yeanoenderana zvakatemwa
Sarudza iyo inoenderana neiyo pulse encoder yakavakirwa pabhora screw pitch yeCNC muchina chishandiso, iyo shoma yekufamba kumhanya kweiyo CNC system, iyo yekuwedzeredza yekuraira, uye yekuwedzera yekuona.
(4) Funga nezvemaseketi ekubatanidza
Paunenge uchisarudza zvikamu zvekuona, zvakakosha kufunga kuti CNC mudziyo une inoenderana interface maseketi.