Mumunda wemazuva ano magadzirirwo emuchina, michina yekuchera uye CNC milling michina miviri yakajairwa uye yakakosha muchina chishandiso, ine misiyano yakakura mumabasa, zvimiro, uye mamiriro ekushandisa. Kuti ikupe iwe kunzwisisa kwakadzama uye kwakawedzera kwemhando mbiri idzi dzematurusi emuchina, CNC inogadzira muchina wekugaya ichakupa tsananguro yakadzama pazasi.
1. Musiyano wakaoma
Kuomarara maitiro emichina yekuchera
Muchina wekuchera unonyanya kugadzirwa kuti ukwanise kumirisana nemasimba makuru akamira, ane masimba mashoma eparutivi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nzira huru yekugadzira yemuchina wekuchera ndeyekuchera, uye dhiri dhiri rinonyanya kudhirowa richitevedza nzira yakatwasuka panguva yekushanda, uye simba rinoshandiswa kune workpiece rinonyanya kunyura mune axial direction. Naizvozvo, chimiro chemuchina wekuchera chakasimbiswa munzira yakatwasuka kuti ive nechokwadi chekugadzikana, kuderedza vibration uye kutsauka panguva yekuchera.
Nekudaro, nekuda kwekutadza kusimba kwemichina yekuchera kumirisana nemasimba epamberi, izvi zvakare zvinodzikamisa mashandisirwo avo mune mamwe akaoma machining mamiriro. Kana zvichidikanwa kuita machining eparutivi pane workpiece kana kana paine kupindira kwakakosha kwemashure panguva yekuchera, muchina wekuchera ungasakwanisa kuve nechokwadi chekuti machining akarurama uye kugadzikana.
Rigidity zvinodiwa kune CNC milling michina
Kusiyana nemichina yekuchera, CNC milling muchina inoda kuomarara nekuti masimba anogadzirwa panguva yekugaya akanyanya kuoma. Simba rekugaya haringosanganisiri mauto akakura akamira, asi anodawo kumirisana nemasimba makuru eparutivi. Munguva yekugaya, nzvimbo yekuonana pakati pechigayo uye workpiece yakakura, uye mudziyo unotenderera uchicheka uchitevedza nzira yakachinjika, zvichiita kuti mauto ekugaya ashande munzira dzakawanda.
Kuti utsungirire mamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara akadai, dhizaini ye CNC milling machine inowanzosimba uye yakagadzikana. Izvo zvakakosha zvemuchina chishandiso, senge mubhedha, makoramu, uye njanji yekutungamira, inogadzirwa nepamusoro-simba zvinhu uye yakagadziridzwa zvimiro zvekuvandudza iyo yakazara kuomarara uye vibration kuramba kuita. Kuomarara kwakanaka kunogonesa CNC milling michina kuchengetedza yakakwirira-chaiyo machining ichishingirira mauto makuru ekucheka, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kugadzirisa akasiyana maumbirwo akaoma uye yakakwirira-chaiyo zvikamu.
2.Kusiyana kwemaitiro
Zvimiro zvemichina yekuchera michina
Chimiro chemuchina wekuchera chiri nyore, uye kazhinji, chero bedzi vertical feed ichiwanikwa, inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa. Muchina wekuchera unowanzo uine muviri wemubhedha, koramu, bhokisi re spindle, bhenji rekushanda, uye nzira yekudyisa.
Mubhedha ndicho chinhu chakakosha chemuchina wekuchera, unoshandiswa kutsigira nekuisa zvimwe zvikamu. Iyo column inogadziriswa pamubhedha kuti ipe tsigiro yebhokisi guru reekisi. Iyo spindle bhokisi yakashongedzerwa ine spindle uye inoshanduka yekumhanyisa michina, iyo inoshandiswa kutyaira kutenderera kwechibooreso. Iyo workbench inoshandiswa kuisa workpieces uye inogona kugadziriswa nyore uye kuiswa. Iyo feed mecha ine basa rekudzora axial feed mafambiro eiyo drill bit kuti iwane kudzika kudzora kwekuchera.
Nekuda kweiyo nzira iri nyore yekugadzirisa michina yekuchera, chimiro chavo chiri nyore uye mutengo wavo wakaderera. Asi chimiro chakareruka ichi zvakare chinodzikamisa kushanda uye kugadzirisa huwandu hwemuchina wekuchera.
Iko kuumbwa kweiyo CNC milling michina
Chimiro cheCNC milling michina yakanyanya kuoma. Izvo hazvidi chete kuwana yakatwasuka feed, asi zvakanyanya kukosha, inodawo kuve neyakachinjika longitudinal uye transverse feed mabasa. CNC milling machines inowanzo umbwa nezvikamu zvakaita semubhedha, column, worktable, saddle, spindle box, CNC system, feed drive system, etc.
Iyo mubhedha uye mbiru zvinopa yakagadzika rutsigiro chimiro chemuchina chishandiso. Iyo workbench inogona kufamba yakatwasuka kuti iwane lateral feed. Iyo chigaro inoiswa pakoromo uye inogona kutyaira iyo spindle bhokisi kuti ifambe yakatwasuka, ichiwana kureba kwekudya. Iyo spindle bhokisi yakashongedzerwa nepamusoro-inoshanda spindles uye chaiyo inochinja-chinja yekumhanyisa dhizaini yekusangana nezvinodiwa zveakasiyana maitiro ekugadzirisa.
Iyo CNC sisitimu ndiyo yepakati yekudzora chikamu cheCNC chigayo muchina, uyo ane basa rekugamuchira mirairo yehurongwa uye nekuashandura kuita masaini ekudzora ekufambisa kune imwe neimwe axis yemuchina chishandiso, kuwana chaiwo machining zviito. Iyo feed drive system inoshandura mirairo yeCNC system kuita mafambiro chaiwo etabhenakeri uye chigaro chechigaro kuburikidza nezvinhu zvakaita semotor uye screws, kuve nechokwadi chekugadzira machining uye mhando yepamusoro.
3.Processing basa
Iyo yekugadzirisa simba yemuchina wekuchera
Muchina wekuchera inonyanya kushandisa dhiri kudhiraivha uye kugadzira maworkpiece. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, kutenderera kwechibhorani ndiko kufamba kukuru, nepo axial kufamba kwemuchina wekuchera ndiko kufamba kwekudya. Michina yekuchera inogona kuita kuburikidza negomba, gomba remapofu uye mamwe machining mashandiro pane workpieces, uye anogona kusangana akasiyana aperture uye nemazvo zvinodiwa nokutsiva chibooreso bhiti ane dhayamita dzakasiyana uye mhando.
Pamusoro pezvo, muchina wekuchera unogona zvakare kuita mamwe akareruka kuchera uye kubata-bata mabasa. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekumisikidzwa kwayo uye kushanda kwayo, michina yekuchera haikwanise kuita yakaoma chimiro machining pamusoro pezvishandiso zvebasa, senge nzvimbo dzakafuratira, grooves, magiya, nezvimwe.
Iwo machining emhando yeCNC milling michina
CNC milling machines ine hupamhi hwakawanda hwekugona kugadzirisa. Iyo inogona kushandisa milling cutters kugadzirisa iyo yakadzika pasi pezvishandiso zvebasa, pamwe nemhando dzakaoma senge grooves uye magiya. Uye zvakare, CNC milling michina inogona zvakare kugadzirisa maworkpiece ane akaoma profiles, senge akakomberedzwa nzvimbo uye isina kurongeka, nekushandisa yakakosha maturusi ekucheka uye nzira dzekuronga.
Kuenzaniswa nemichina yekuchera, CNC milling michina ine yakakwirira machining kunyatsoita, kukurumidza kumhanya, uye inogona kuwana yakakwirira machining kunyatsoita uye pamusoro pemhando. Izvi zvakaita kuti CNC milling michina ishandiswe zvakanyanya muminda yakadai sekugadzira mold, aerospace, uye zvinhu zvemotokari.
4.Zvishandiso uye zvigadziriso
Zvishandiso uye zvigadziriso zvemichina yekuchera
Chishandiso chikuru chinoshandiswa mumushini wekuchera ndiyo dhiri, uye chimiro uye saizi yebhiti rekuchera zvinosarudzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa. Mukuita kuchera, zvigadziriso zviri nyore senge pliers, V-blocks, nezvimwe zvinowanzo shandiswa kuisa uye kusungirira workpiece. Nekuda kwekuti simba rinogadziriswa nemuchina wekuchera rinonyanya kutariswa munzira yeaxial, dhizaini yegadziriso iri nyore, kunyanya kuve nechokwadi chekuti workpiece haizofambi kana kutenderera panguva yekuchera.
Zvishandiso uye zvigadziriso zveCNC milling michina
Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekucheka maturusi anoshandiswa muCNC milling machines, kusanganisira bhora rekupedzisira mill, end mill, face mill, etc. kuwedzera kune common milling cutters. Mhando dzakasiyana dzekucheka maturusi akakodzera kune akasiyana maitiro ekugadzirisa uye chimiro zvinodiwa. MuCNC milling, izvo zvinodikanwa zvekugadzira zvigadziriso zvakakwira, uye zvinhu zvakaita sekugoverwa kwesimba rekucheka, iko kurongeka kweiyo workpiece, uye ukuru hwesimba rekumanikidza rinoda kutariswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti workpiece haina kusangana nekutama uye deformation panguva yekugadzira machining.
Kuti uvandudze machining kushanda zvakanaka uye kurongeka, CNC milling machines inowanzo shandisa zvigadziriso zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvigadziro, zvakadai semasanganiswa ekugadzirisa, hydraulic fixtures, etc. Panguva imwecheteyo, CNC milling machines inogonawo kubudirira kukurumidza kuchinja kwezvigadziro zvakasiyana-siyana zvekucheka kuburikidza nekushandisa otomatiki maturusi ekuchinja midziyo, kuwedzera kuvandudza kushanduka uye kubudirira kwekugadzirisa.
5. Kuronga uye Kushanda
Kuronga uye kushanda kwemichina yekuchera
Iyo programming yemuchina wekuchera iri nyore, kazhinji inongoda kusetwa kwemaparamita akadai sekudzika kwekuchera, kumhanya, uye chiyero chekudya. Vashandisi vanogona kupedzisa machining maitiro nekushandisa nemaoko mubato kana bhatani remuchina chishandiso, uye zvakare vanogona kushandisa iri nyore CNC sisitimu yekuronga uye kutonga.
Nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa tekinoroji yemichina yekuchera, kushanda kuri nyore, uye zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvevashandisi zvakaderera. Asi izvi zvakare zvinomisa kushandiswa kwemichina yekuchera mune yakaoma chikamu kugadzirisa.
Kuronga uye kushanda kweCNC milling michina
Iyo programming yeCNC milling machine yakanyanya kuomarara, inoda kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi programming software senge MasterCAM, UG, zvichingodaro, kugadzira machining zvirongwa zvinoenderana nekudhirowa uye machining zvinodiwa zvezvikamu. Munguva yehurongwa hwekuronga, zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita senzira yekushandisa, kucheka maparamendi, uye kutevedzana kwemaitiro zvinoda kutariswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti machining akarurama uye kushanda nesimba.
Panyaya yekushanda, CNC milling machines inowanzogadzirirwa ne touch screens kana operation panel. Vashandi vanofanira kujairana nekushanda kwekushanda uye mabasa eCNC system, kukwanisa kunyatsopinza mirairo uye parameter, uye kutarisa chimiro panguva yekugadzira machining. Nekuda kweiyo yakaoma kugadzirisa tekinoroji yeCNC milling muchina, pane kudiwa kukuru kweiyo tekinoroji level uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi rwevashandisi, izvo zvinoda hunyanzvi kudzidziswa uye kudzidzira kugona kugona.
6. Nzvimbo yekushandisa
Mamiriro ekushandiswa kwemichina yekuchera
Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakareruka, mutengo wakaderera, uye kushanda kuri nyore, michina yekuchera inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune mamwe madiki madiki ekugadzirisa mashopu, maworkshop ekugadzirisa, uye ega ega kugadzirisa dzimba. Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa zvikamu zvine zvimiro zvakapusa uye zvakaderera chaizvo zvinodiwa, senge hole mhando zvikamu, zvikamu zvekubatanidza, nezvimwe.
Mune mamwe mabhizinesi ekugadzira akawanda, michina yekuchera inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzirisa akareruka maitiro, sekuchera maburi papepa simbi. Nekudaro, kune yakakwirira-chaiyo uye yakaoma maumbirwo zvikamu zvekugadzirisa, michina yekuchera haigone kuzadzisa zvinodiwa.
Chikamu chekushandiswa kweCNC milling machine
CNC milling machines yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yakadai sekugadzira mold, aerospace, mota components, electronic equipment, etc. nekuda kwekunakirwa kwavo kwepamusoro machining kururama, kushanda kwepamusoro, uye mabasa ane simba. Inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa zvakasiyana-siyana dzakaoma dzakaumbwa molds, chaiyo zvikamu, mabhokisi mabhokisi, nezvimwewo, uye inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ano kugadzirwa kwepamusoro-chaiyo uye yakakwirira-inoshanda kugadzirisa.
Kunyanya mune mamwe maindasitiri ekugadzira epamusoro, CNC milling michina yave yakakosha midziyo, ichiita basa rakakosha mukuvandudza mhando yechigadzirwa, kupfupisa kutenderera kwekugadzira, uye kuderedza mitengo.
7, Kuenzanisa kwemachining mienzaniso
Kuti uwedzere kuratidza mutsauko wemichina yekuchera pakati pemichina yekuchera uye CNC milling michina, maviri chaiwo machining emienzaniso achaenzaniswa pazasi.
Muenzaniso 1: Kugadzira chikamu chiri nyore che orifice plate
Drilling machine processing: Chekutanga, gadzirisa workpiece pane workbench, sarudza yakakodzera drill bit, gadzirisa kudzika kwekuchera uye chiyero chekudya, uye wobva watanga muchina wekuchera wekuchera kugadzirisa. Nekuda kwekuti michina yekuchera inogona kungoita vertical drilling, zvinodikanwa zvegomba chinzvimbo chechokwadi uye yemhando yepamusoro hazvina kukwirira, uye mashandiro ekugadzirisa akaderera.
CNC milling muchina kugadzirisa: Paunenge uchishandisa CNC milling muchina wekugadzirisa, danho rekutanga ndere kutevedzera zvikamu mu3D uye kugadzira chirongwa chekugadzira zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemachining. Wobva waisa iyo workpiece pane yakatsaurirwa gadziriso, isa iyo machining chirongwa kuburikidza neCNC system, uye tanga mudziyo wemuchina wekugadzira. CNC milling michina inogona kuwana panguva imwe chete machining emakomba akawanda kuburikidza nehurongwa, uye inogona kuve nechokwadi chekurongeka kwenzvimbo uye kunaka kwepamusoro kwemakomba, kuvandudza zvakanyanya machining mashandiro.
Muenzaniso 2: Kugadzira chikamu chakaoma mold
Kudhirowa kwemuchina wekugadzirisa: Kune dzakaoma dzakaumbwa dzakaumbwa zvikamu, michina yekuchera inenge isingakwanise kupedzisa mabasa ekugadzirisa. Kunyangwe ikagadziriswa kuburikidza nedzimwe nzira dzakakosha, zvakaoma kuona machining echokwadi uye yemhando yepamusoro.
CNC milling muchina kugadzirisa: Nekushandisa mabasa ane simba eCNC milling muchina, zvinokwanisika kutanga waita rough machining pazvikamu zve mold, kubvisa yakawanda yakawandisa, uyezve kuita semi precision uye nemachining chaiwo, pakupedzisira uchiwana yakakwirira-chaiyo uye yepamusoro-mhando mold zvikamu. Munguva yekugadzira machining, marudzi akasiyana ezvishandiso anogona kushandiswa uye kucheka ma paramita anogona kuvandudzwa kuti avandudze machining kunyatsoshanda uye pamusoro pemhando.
Nokuenzanisa mienzaniso miviri iri pamusoro, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti michina yekuchera yakakodzera kune imwe nzira yakapfava yegomba, nepo CNC milling machine inokwanisa kugadzirisa akasiyana maumbirwo akaoma uye yakakwirira-chaiyo zvikamu.
8, Pfupiso
Muchidimbu, pane misiyano yakakura pakati pemichina yekuchera uye CNC milling muchina maererano nekuoma, chimiro, mabasa ekugadzirisa, zvigadziriso zvematurusi, mashandiro ehurongwa, uye minda yekushandisa. Muchina wekuchera une chimiro chakareruka uye mutengo wakaderera, uye wakakodzera kuchera nyore uye gomba rekuwedzera kugadzirisa; CNC milling machines ine hunhu hwepamusoro-soro, kunyatsoita zvakanaka, uye kuita kwakawanda, izvo zvinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ano kugadzira kwechikamu chakaomarara kugadzirisa.
Mukugadzira chaiko, michina yekuchera kana CNC milling muchina inofanirwa kusarudzwa zvine musoro zvichienderana neakananga mabasa ekugadzirisa uye zvinodiwa kuti uwane yakanakisa kugadzirisa maitiro uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi. Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye kusimukira kweindasitiri yekugadzira, michina yekuchera uye CNC milling michina iri kugara ichivandudza uye nekukwana, ichipa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwehunyanzvi mukusimudzira indasitiri yekugadzira michina.