"Sarudzo Nheyo dzeMatatu maElements muCNC Machine Tool Kucheka".
Mukugadzirisa simbi yekucheka, kusarudza nemazvo zvinhu zvitatu zveCNC muchina chishandiso chekucheka - kucheka kumhanya, chiyero chekudya, uye kudzika kwekucheka kwakakosha. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zviri mukati mesimbi yekucheka musimboti kosi. Izvi zvinotevera kutsanangurwa kwakadzama kwemisimboti yekusarudza yezvinhu zvitatu izvi.
I. Kucheka Speed
Kucheka kumhanya, kureva, mutsara kumhanya kana circumferential kumhanya (V, metres/miniti), ndeimwe yeakakosha paramita muCNC muchina wekucheka chishandiso. Kuti usarudze kumhanya kwakakodzera kwekucheka, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofanirwa kutariswa kutanga.
Kucheka kumhanya, kureva, mutsara kumhanya kana circumferential kumhanya (V, metres/miniti), ndeimwe yeakakosha paramita muCNC muchina wekucheka chishandiso. Kuti usarudze kumhanya kwakakodzera kwekucheka, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofanirwa kutariswa kutanga.
Zvishandiso zvekushandisa
Carbide: Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo kwakanyanya uye kunaka kwekupisa kupisa, kukurumidza kucheka kwakanyanya kunogona kuwanikwa. Kazhinji, inogona kuva pamusoro pe100 metres / miniti. Paunenge uchitenga zvekuisa, tekinoroji paramita dzinowanzo kupihwa kujekesa huwandu hwekumhanya kwemutsara hunogona kusarudzwa paunenge uchigadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana.
High-speed simbi: Kuenzaniswa ne carbide, kushanda kwesimbi yakakwirira zvishoma zvishoma, uye kukurumidza kucheka kunogona kungoita zvishoma. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kukurumidza kwekucheka kwesimbi yakakwirira haipfuuri 70 mamita / miniti, uye kazhinji iri pasi pe20 - 30 mamita / miniti.
Carbide: Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo kwakanyanya uye kunaka kwekupisa kupisa, kukurumidza kucheka kwakanyanya kunogona kuwanikwa. Kazhinji, inogona kuva pamusoro pe100 metres / miniti. Paunenge uchitenga zvekuisa, tekinoroji paramita dzinowanzo kupihwa kujekesa huwandu hwekumhanya kwemutsara hunogona kusarudzwa paunenge uchigadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana.
High-speed simbi: Kuenzaniswa ne carbide, kushanda kwesimbi yakakwirira zvishoma zvishoma, uye kukurumidza kucheka kunogona kungoita zvishoma. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kukurumidza kwekucheka kwesimbi yakakwirira haipfuuri 70 mamita / miniti, uye kazhinji iri pasi pe20 - 30 mamita / miniti.
Workpiece zvinhu
Nezve workpiece zvinhu zvine kuoma kwakanyanya, kukurumidza kucheka kunofanira kunge kwakaderera. Semuenzaniso, kune yakadzima simbi, simbi isina tsvina, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chehupenyu hwechishandiso uye kunaka kwekugadzirisa, V inofanira kuiswa yakaderera.
Kune zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvakakandwa, kana uchishandisa maturusi e-carbide, kumhanya kwekucheka kunogona kuva 70 - 80 metres / miniti.
Yakaderera-kabhoni simbi ine machinability zviri nani, uye kumhanya kwekucheka kunogona kuva pamusoro pe100 metres / miniti.
Kucheka kugadzirwa kwesimbi dzisina-ferrous kuri nyore, uye kumhanya kwepamusoro kwekucheka kunogona kusarudzwa, kazhinji pakati pe100 - 200 metres / miniti.
Nezve workpiece zvinhu zvine kuoma kwakanyanya, kukurumidza kucheka kunofanira kunge kwakaderera. Semuenzaniso, kune yakadzima simbi, simbi isina tsvina, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chehupenyu hwechishandiso uye kunaka kwekugadzirisa, V inofanira kuiswa yakaderera.
Kune zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvakakandwa, kana uchishandisa maturusi e-carbide, kumhanya kwekucheka kunogona kuva 70 - 80 metres / miniti.
Yakaderera-kabhoni simbi ine machinability zviri nani, uye kumhanya kwekucheka kunogona kuva pamusoro pe100 metres / miniti.
Kucheka kugadzirwa kwesimbi dzisina-ferrous kuri nyore, uye kumhanya kwepamusoro kwekucheka kunogona kusarudzwa, kazhinji pakati pe100 - 200 metres / miniti.
Processing mamiriro
Munguva yekugadzira yakaoma, chinangwa chikuru ndechekukurumidza kubvisa zvinhu, uye chinodiwa chemhando yepamusoro chakaderera. Nokudaro, kukurumidza kucheka kunoiswa pasi. Munguva yekupedzisa machining, kuti uwane yakanaka yemhando yepamusoro, kumhanya kwekucheka kunofanirwa kuiswa kumusoro.
Kana iyo rigidity system yemuchina wekushandisa, workpiece, uye chishandiso chisina kunaka, kumhanya kwekucheka kunofanirwawo kudzika kudzikisa vibration uye deformation.
Kana iyo S inoshandiswa muchirongwa cheCNC ndiyo inomhanyisa kumhanya paminiti, saka S inofanirwa kuverengerwa zvinoenderana nedhayamita yebasa uye kucheka mutsara kumhanya V: S (spindle kumhanya paminiti) = V (kucheka mutsara kumhanya) × 1000 / (3.1416 × workpiece dhayamita). Kana iyo CNC chirongwa ichishandisa inogara mutsara kumhanya, ipapo S inogona kushandisa zvakananga kucheka mutsara kumhanya V (mamita/miniti).
Munguva yekugadzira yakaoma, chinangwa chikuru ndechekukurumidza kubvisa zvinhu, uye chinodiwa chemhando yepamusoro chakaderera. Nokudaro, kukurumidza kucheka kunoiswa pasi. Munguva yekupedzisa machining, kuti uwane yakanaka yemhando yepamusoro, kumhanya kwekucheka kunofanirwa kuiswa kumusoro.
Kana iyo rigidity system yemuchina wekushandisa, workpiece, uye chishandiso chisina kunaka, kumhanya kwekucheka kunofanirwawo kudzika kudzikisa vibration uye deformation.
Kana iyo S inoshandiswa muchirongwa cheCNC ndiyo inomhanyisa kumhanya paminiti, saka S inofanirwa kuverengerwa zvinoenderana nedhayamita yebasa uye kucheka mutsara kumhanya V: S (spindle kumhanya paminiti) = V (kucheka mutsara kumhanya) × 1000 / (3.1416 × workpiece dhayamita). Kana iyo CNC chirongwa ichishandisa inogara mutsara kumhanya, ipapo S inogona kushandisa zvakananga kucheka mutsara kumhanya V (mamita/miniti).
II. Feed Rate
Chiyero chekudya, chinozivikanwawo sechishandiso chekudyisa mwero (F), zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nekukasharara kunodiwa kweiyo workpiece kugadzirisa.
Chiyero chekudya, chinozivikanwawo sechishandiso chekudyisa mwero (F), zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nekukasharara kunodiwa kweiyo workpiece kugadzirisa.
Pedzisa kugadzira
Munguva yekupedzisa machining, nekuda kwechinodiwa chepamusoro chemhando yepamusoro, mwero wekudya unofanirwa kuve diki, kazhinji 0.06 - 0.12 mm/revolution yechirungu. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti nzvimbo yakatsetseka yakagadzirwa uye kuderedza kushata kwepamusoro.
Munguva yekupedzisa machining, nekuda kwechinodiwa chepamusoro chemhando yepamusoro, mwero wekudya unofanirwa kuve diki, kazhinji 0.06 - 0.12 mm/revolution yechirungu. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti nzvimbo yakatsetseka yakagadzirwa uye kuderedza kushata kwepamusoro.
rough Machining
Munguva yekugadzira yakaoma, basa guru nderekukurumidza kubvisa huwandu hwezvinhu, uye chiyero chekudya chinogona kuiswa chikuru. Saizi yechiyero chekudya zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nesimba rekushandisa uye kazhinji inogona kuva pamusoro pe0.3.
Kana iyo huru yekuyamura kona yechishandiso yakakura, simba rekushandisa richadzikira, uye panguva ino, chiyero chekudya hachigone kuve chakakura.
Mukuwedzera, simba remuchina wekushandisa uye kuomarara kwechishandiso uye chishandiso chinofanirawo kutariswa. Kana simba rekushandisa remuchina risina kukwana kana kuomarara kwechishandiso uye chishandiso chisina kunaka, mwero wekudya unofanirwa kuderedzwawo zvakakodzera.
Chirongwa cheCNC chinoshandisa mayuniti maviri echiyero chekudyisa: mm/miniti uye mm/revolution yechirungu. Kana iyo unit yemm/miniti ikashandiswa, inogona kushandurwa neformula: feed per minute = feed per revolution × spindle speed paminiti.
Munguva yekugadzira yakaoma, basa guru nderekukurumidza kubvisa huwandu hwezvinhu, uye chiyero chekudya chinogona kuiswa chikuru. Saizi yechiyero chekudya zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nesimba rekushandisa uye kazhinji inogona kuva pamusoro pe0.3.
Kana iyo huru yekuyamura kona yechishandiso yakakura, simba rekushandisa richadzikira, uye panguva ino, chiyero chekudya hachigone kuve chakakura.
Mukuwedzera, simba remuchina wekushandisa uye kuomarara kwechishandiso uye chishandiso chinofanirawo kutariswa. Kana simba rekushandisa remuchina risina kukwana kana kuomarara kwechishandiso uye chishandiso chisina kunaka, mwero wekudya unofanirwa kuderedzwawo zvakakodzera.
Chirongwa cheCNC chinoshandisa mayuniti maviri echiyero chekudyisa: mm/miniti uye mm/revolution yechirungu. Kana iyo unit yemm/miniti ikashandiswa, inogona kushandurwa neformula: feed per minute = feed per revolution × spindle speed paminiti.
III. Kucheka Kudzika
Kucheka kudzika, kureva, kucheka kudzika, kune sarudzo dzakasiyana panguva yekupedzisa machining uye rough machining.
Kucheka kudzika, kureva, kucheka kudzika, kune sarudzo dzakasiyana panguva yekupedzisa machining uye rough machining.
Pedzisa kugadzira
Munguva yekupedzisa machining, kazhinji, inogona kunge iri pazasi 0.5 (radius kukosha). Kudzika kudiki kwekucheka kunogona kuve nechokwadi chemhando yepasi yakagadzirwa uye kuderedza kushata kwepamusoro uye kusara kunetseka.
Munguva yekupedzisa machining, kazhinji, inogona kunge iri pazasi 0.5 (radius kukosha). Kudzika kudiki kwekucheka kunogona kuve nechokwadi chemhando yepasi yakagadzirwa uye kuderedza kushata kwepamusoro uye kusara kunetseka.
rough Machining
Munguva yekukasira machining, kudzika kwekucheka kunofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana neiyo workpiece, turusi, uye muchina chishandiso mamiriro. Kune diki lathe (ine hupamhi hwekugadzirisa dhayamita isingasviki 400mm) inoshandura Nha.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kana iyo spindle yekumhanyisa shanduko yelathe ichishandisa yakajairwa frequency kutendeuka yekumhanya mutemo, ipapo kana iyo spindle kumhanya paminiti yakadzikira (yakaderera pane 100 - 200 revolutions / miniti), iyo mota yekubuda simba ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Panguva ino, chete kudzika kudiki kwekucheka uye chiyero chekudya chinogona kuwanikwa.
Munguva yekukasira machining, kudzika kwekucheka kunofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana neiyo workpiece, turusi, uye muchina chishandiso mamiriro. Kune diki lathe (ine hupamhi hwekugadzirisa dhayamita isingasviki 400mm) inoshandura Nha.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kana iyo spindle yekumhanyisa shanduko yelathe ichishandisa yakajairwa frequency kutendeuka yekumhanya mutemo, ipapo kana iyo spindle kumhanya paminiti yakadzikira (yakaderera pane 100 - 200 revolutions / miniti), iyo mota yekubuda simba ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Panguva ino, chete kudzika kudiki kwekucheka uye chiyero chekudya chinogona kuwanikwa.
Mukupedzisa, kusarudza nemazvo izvo zvinhu zvitatu zveCNC muchina chekucheka chekushandisa kunoda kutarisisa kwakadzama kwezvinhu zvakawanda senge maturusi emidziyo, workpiece zvinhu, uye kugadzirisa mamiriro. Mukugadzirisa chaiko, zvigadziriso zvine musoro zvinofanirwa kuitwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo kuti uwane zvinangwa zvekuvandudza mashandiro ekugadzirisa, kuve nechokwadi chekugadzirisa mhando, uye kurebesa hupenyu hwematurusi. Panguva imwecheteyo, vashandisi vanofanirwawo kuramba vachiunganidza ruzivo uye kujairana nehunhu hwezvinhu zvakasiyana uye matekinoroji ekugadzirisa kuitira kuti vasarudze zvirinani kucheka maparamendi uye kugadzirisa mashandiro eCNC muchina maturusi.