"Kukwidziridzwa kweSpindle Gear Noise Control muNoise Kurapa Nzira yeCNC Machine Tool Spindle"
Munguva yekushanda kweCNC muchina maturusi, dambudziko reruzha rwegiya rinowanzotambudza vashandisi nevashandi vekugadzirisa. Kuti tinyatso kudzikisa ruzha rwegiya rekutenderera uye kugadzirisa iko iko kwekugadzira uye kugadzikana kwechishandiso chemuchina, isu tinofanirwa kukwirisa zvakadzama nzira yekudzora yeruzha rwegiya.
I. Zvinokonzera spindle giya ruzha mu CNC muchina maturusi
Chizvarwa cheruzha rwegiya mhedzisiro yekubatanidzwa kwekuita kwezvinhu zvakawanda. Kune rimwe divi, pesvedzero yekukanganisa kwezino rezino uye namo inokonzeresa kushanduka kwemazino egiya kana akaremerwa, zvichitungamira mukudhumhana nekukasira kana magiya mesh. Kune rimwe divi, zvikanganiso mukugadzirisa uye hurombo hwenguva refu mamiriro ekushanda zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwemazino, izvo zvinozoita ruzha. Uye zvakare, shanduko mukati mepakati chinhambwe chemeshing giya zvinokonzeresa shanduko mukumanikidza kona. Kana nzvimbo yepakati ichichinja nguva nenguva, ruzha runowedzerawo nguva nenguva. Kusashandiswa zvakanaka kweoiri yekuzora, sekunge kusakwana kwekuzora kana kuvhiringa ruzha rweoiri, kuchaitawo ruzha.
Chizvarwa cheruzha rwegiya mhedzisiro yekubatanidzwa kwekuita kwezvinhu zvakawanda. Kune rimwe divi, pesvedzero yekukanganisa kwezino rezino uye namo inokonzeresa kushanduka kwemazino egiya kana akaremerwa, zvichitungamira mukudhumhana nekukasira kana magiya mesh. Kune rimwe divi, zvikanganiso mukugadzirisa uye hurombo hwenguva refu mamiriro ekushanda zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwemazino, izvo zvinozoita ruzha. Uye zvakare, shanduko mukati mepakati chinhambwe chemeshing giya zvinokonzeresa shanduko mukumanikidza kona. Kana nzvimbo yepakati ichichinja nguva nenguva, ruzha runowedzerawo nguva nenguva. Kusashandiswa zvakanaka kweoiri yekuzora, sekunge kusakwana kwekuzora kana kuvhiringa ruzha rweoiri, kuchaitawo ruzha.
II. Dzakajeka nzira dzekugadzirisa spindle giya ruzha kudzora
Topping chamfering
Nheyo uye chinangwa: Topping chamfering ndeyekugadzirisa kubhenda kwemazino uye kudzoreredza kukanganisa kwegiya, kuderedza meshing kukanganisa kunokonzerwa neiyo concave uye convex mazino epamusoro kana magiya mesh, uye nekudaro kuderedza ruzha. Iyo chamfering huwandu hunoenderana nepitch kukanganisa, kubhenda deformation huwandu hwegiya mushure mekurodha, uye nzira yekukotama.
Chamfering zano: Chekutanga, ita chamfering pane iwo maviri egiya ane yakakwira meshing frequency mumashini asina kukwana maturusi, uye tora akasiyana machamfering maringe nemamodule akasiyana (3, 4, uye 5 mamirimita). Munguva yechamfering process, nyatso dzora huwandu hwechamfering uye tarisa iyo yakakodzera chamfering huwandu kuburikidza neakawanda bvunzo kuti udzivise yakawandisa inokuvadza iyo inokuvadza inoshanda yezino profiles kana kusakwana kwechamfering huwandu hunotadza kuita basa rekuita. Paunenge uchiita zino profile chamfering, chete zino repamusoro kana chete mudzi wezino unogona kugadziriswa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo egiya. Kana mhedzisiro yekugadzirisa chete zino repamusoro kana midzi yezino isiri yakanaka, saka funga kugadzirisa zino kumusoro uye zino mudzi pamwe chete. Iyo radial uye axial kukosha kwehuwandu hwechamfering inogona kugoverwa kune rimwe giya kana maviri magiya zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Dzora kukanganisa kweprofile yezino
Kukanganisa kunobva kuongororwa: Mhosho dzembiri yezino dzinonyanya kugadzirwa panguva yekugadziriswa, uye chechipiri inokonzerwa neakaipa kwenguva refu yekushanda mamiriro. Magiya ane concave mazino profiles anozoiswa kune maviri maitiro mune imwe meshing, zvichikonzera ruzha rukuru, uye iyo yakawanda concave yemazino chimiro, ruzha rukuru.
Matanho ekugadzirisa: Gadzirisa mazino egiya kuti aite zvine mwero convex kuderedza ruzha. Kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwakanaka uye kugadziridzwa kwemagiya, kuderedza zvikanganiso zvemazino zvakanyanya sezvinobvira uye kuvandudza iko kurongeka uye meshing mhando yemagiya.
Dzora shanduko yepakati chinhambwe chemeshing magiya
Noise generation mechanism: Shanduko yenzvimbo chaiyo yepakati yemeshing magiya inotungamira kune shanduko yekumanikidza angle. Kana iyo nzvimbo yepakati ichichinja nguva nenguva, iyo yekumanikidza angle inochinjawo nguva nenguva, nekudaro ichiita kuti ruzha ruwedzere nguva nenguva.
Kudzora nzira: Iyo yekunze dhayamita yegiya, deformation yeiyo shaft yekutapurirana, uye kukwana pakati peiyo shaft yekutapurirana, giya uye kutakura zvese zvinofanirwa kudzorwa munzvimbo yakanaka. Panguva yekumisikidza uye kugadzirisa, shanda zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yepakati yemagiya meshing inoramba yakagadzikana. Kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwakaringana uye kusangana, edza kubvisa ruzha rwakakonzerwa nekuchinja kwepakati chinhambwe che meshing.
Optimize kushandiswa kwemafuta ekuzora
Basa remafuta ekuzora: Paunenge uchizora uye kutonhora, mafuta ekuzora anoitawo rimwe basa rekudzikisa. Ruzha runoderera nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemafuta uye viscosity. Kuchengeta imwe mafuta firimu ukobvu pamusoro pemazino kunogona kudzivirira kusangana kwakananga pakati pemeshing mazino, kuderedza simba rekudengenyeka uye kuderedza ruzha.
Optimization strategy: Kusarudza oiri ine yakakwira viscosity inobatsira kudzikisa ruzha, asi teerera kudzora ruzha rwekuvhiringidza kwemafuta kunokonzerwa nesplash lubrication. Rongedza pombi yega yega yeoiri kuitira kuti mafuta ekuzora atsveke mupeya yega yega yegiya sezvingabvira kudzora ruzha rwunogadzirwa nekuda kwekusakwana kwekuzora. Panguva imwecheteyo, kutora nzira yekugovera mafuta padivi remeshing haingoite basa rekutonhodza chete asi zvakare kugadzira firimu remafuta paziso rezino risati rapinda munzvimbo yemeshing. Kana iyo yakapfachuka oiri inogona kudzorwa kuti ipinde munzvimbo yemeshing mudiki, iyo yekuderedza ruzha inozoita nani.
Topping chamfering
Nheyo uye chinangwa: Topping chamfering ndeyekugadzirisa kubhenda kwemazino uye kudzoreredza kukanganisa kwegiya, kuderedza meshing kukanganisa kunokonzerwa neiyo concave uye convex mazino epamusoro kana magiya mesh, uye nekudaro kuderedza ruzha. Iyo chamfering huwandu hunoenderana nepitch kukanganisa, kubhenda deformation huwandu hwegiya mushure mekurodha, uye nzira yekukotama.
Chamfering zano: Chekutanga, ita chamfering pane iwo maviri egiya ane yakakwira meshing frequency mumashini asina kukwana maturusi, uye tora akasiyana machamfering maringe nemamodule akasiyana (3, 4, uye 5 mamirimita). Munguva yechamfering process, nyatso dzora huwandu hwechamfering uye tarisa iyo yakakodzera chamfering huwandu kuburikidza neakawanda bvunzo kuti udzivise yakawandisa inokuvadza iyo inokuvadza inoshanda yezino profiles kana kusakwana kwechamfering huwandu hunotadza kuita basa rekuita. Paunenge uchiita zino profile chamfering, chete zino repamusoro kana chete mudzi wezino unogona kugadziriswa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo egiya. Kana mhedzisiro yekugadzirisa chete zino repamusoro kana midzi yezino isiri yakanaka, saka funga kugadzirisa zino kumusoro uye zino mudzi pamwe chete. Iyo radial uye axial kukosha kwehuwandu hwechamfering inogona kugoverwa kune rimwe giya kana maviri magiya zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Dzora kukanganisa kweprofile yezino
Kukanganisa kunobva kuongororwa: Mhosho dzembiri yezino dzinonyanya kugadzirwa panguva yekugadziriswa, uye chechipiri inokonzerwa neakaipa kwenguva refu yekushanda mamiriro. Magiya ane concave mazino profiles anozoiswa kune maviri maitiro mune imwe meshing, zvichikonzera ruzha rukuru, uye iyo yakawanda concave yemazino chimiro, ruzha rukuru.
Matanho ekugadzirisa: Gadzirisa mazino egiya kuti aite zvine mwero convex kuderedza ruzha. Kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwakanaka uye kugadziridzwa kwemagiya, kuderedza zvikanganiso zvemazino zvakanyanya sezvinobvira uye kuvandudza iko kurongeka uye meshing mhando yemagiya.
Dzora shanduko yepakati chinhambwe chemeshing magiya
Noise generation mechanism: Shanduko yenzvimbo chaiyo yepakati yemeshing magiya inotungamira kune shanduko yekumanikidza angle. Kana iyo nzvimbo yepakati ichichinja nguva nenguva, iyo yekumanikidza angle inochinjawo nguva nenguva, nekudaro ichiita kuti ruzha ruwedzere nguva nenguva.
Kudzora nzira: Iyo yekunze dhayamita yegiya, deformation yeiyo shaft yekutapurirana, uye kukwana pakati peiyo shaft yekutapurirana, giya uye kutakura zvese zvinofanirwa kudzorwa munzvimbo yakanaka. Panguva yekumisikidza uye kugadzirisa, shanda zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yepakati yemagiya meshing inoramba yakagadzikana. Kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwakaringana uye kusangana, edza kubvisa ruzha rwakakonzerwa nekuchinja kwepakati chinhambwe che meshing.
Optimize kushandiswa kwemafuta ekuzora
Basa remafuta ekuzora: Paunenge uchizora uye kutonhora, mafuta ekuzora anoitawo rimwe basa rekudzikisa. Ruzha runoderera nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemafuta uye viscosity. Kuchengeta imwe mafuta firimu ukobvu pamusoro pemazino kunogona kudzivirira kusangana kwakananga pakati pemeshing mazino, kuderedza simba rekudengenyeka uye kuderedza ruzha.
Optimization strategy: Kusarudza oiri ine yakakwira viscosity inobatsira kudzikisa ruzha, asi teerera kudzora ruzha rwekuvhiringidza kwemafuta kunokonzerwa nesplash lubrication. Rongedza pombi yega yega yeoiri kuitira kuti mafuta ekuzora atsveke mupeya yega yega yegiya sezvingabvira kudzora ruzha rwunogadzirwa nekuda kwekusakwana kwekuzora. Panguva imwecheteyo, kutora nzira yekugovera mafuta padivi remeshing haingoite basa rekutonhodza chete asi zvakare kugadzira firimu remafuta paziso rezino risati rapinda munzvimbo yemeshing. Kana iyo yakapfachuka oiri inogona kudzorwa kuti ipinde munzvimbo yemeshing mudiki, iyo yekuderedza ruzha inozoita nani.
III. Chengetedzo dzekushandisa optimization matanho
Kuyera kwakaringana uye ongororo: Usati waita zino repamusoro chamfering, kudzora zvikanganiso zvezino uye kugadzirisa pakati chinhambwe chemeshing magiya, zvinodikanwa kunyatsoyera uye kuongorora magiya kuti uone mamiriro chaiwo uye nekupesvedzera zvinhu zvekukanganisa kuti ugadzire zvakanangwa optimization zvirongwa.
Tekinoroji yehunyanzvi nemidziyo: Kukwirisa spindle giya ruzha kudzora kunoda nyanzvi yehunyanzvi uye tsigiro yemidziyo. Vashandi vanofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakapfuma uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi uye kukwanisa kushandisa zvine hunyanzvi maturusi ekuyeresa nemidziyo yekugadzirisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuitwa nematanho ekugadzirisa.
Kugara uchigadzirisa uye kuongorora: Kuti uchengetedze yakanaka yekushanda mamiriro eiyo spindle giya uye kuderedza ruzha, zvinodikanwa kugara uchichengeta uye kuongorora muchina chishandiso. Kuona nenguva uye kubata nezvinetso zvakaita sekupfeka kwegiya uye deformation, uye ive nechokwadi chekupihwa kwakakwana uye kushandiswa zvine musoro kwemafuta ekuzora.
Kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza uye hunyanzvi: Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, isu tinofanirwa kuramba tichiteerera kune nzira nyowani dzekudzikisa ruzha uye matekinoroji, tichiramba tichivandudza uye nekuvandudza matanho ekudzora ruzha rwemaspindle giya, uye kuvandudza mashandiro uye mhando yemidziyo yemuchina.
Kuyera kwakaringana uye ongororo: Usati waita zino repamusoro chamfering, kudzora zvikanganiso zvezino uye kugadzirisa pakati chinhambwe chemeshing magiya, zvinodikanwa kunyatsoyera uye kuongorora magiya kuti uone mamiriro chaiwo uye nekupesvedzera zvinhu zvekukanganisa kuti ugadzire zvakanangwa optimization zvirongwa.
Tekinoroji yehunyanzvi nemidziyo: Kukwirisa spindle giya ruzha kudzora kunoda nyanzvi yehunyanzvi uye tsigiro yemidziyo. Vashandi vanofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakapfuma uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi uye kukwanisa kushandisa zvine hunyanzvi maturusi ekuyeresa nemidziyo yekugadzirisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuitwa nematanho ekugadzirisa.
Kugara uchigadzirisa uye kuongorora: Kuti uchengetedze yakanaka yekushanda mamiriro eiyo spindle giya uye kuderedza ruzha, zvinodikanwa kugara uchichengeta uye kuongorora muchina chishandiso. Kuona nenguva uye kubata nezvinetso zvakaita sekupfeka kwegiya uye deformation, uye ive nechokwadi chekupihwa kwakakwana uye kushandiswa zvine musoro kwemafuta ekuzora.
Kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza uye hunyanzvi: Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, isu tinofanirwa kuramba tichiteerera kune nzira nyowani dzekudzikisa ruzha uye matekinoroji, tichiramba tichivandudza uye nekuvandudza matanho ekudzora ruzha rwemaspindle giya, uye kuvandudza mashandiro uye mhando yemidziyo yemuchina.
Mukupedzisa, kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kweiyo nzira yekudzora ruzha yeCNC muchina chishandiso chespindle giya, ruzha rwegiya repindle rinogona kudzikiswa zvine mutsindo uye iko kurongeka kwemuchina uye kugadzikana kwechishandiso chemuchina unogona kuvandudzwa. Mukuita kwekuita matanho ekugadzirisa, zvinhu zvakasiyana zvinoda kutariswa zvizere uye nzira dzesainzi uye dzine musoro dzinofanirwa kutorwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuzadzikiswa kwemhedzisiro. Panguva imwecheteyo, isu tinofanirwa kuenderera mberi nekuongorora uye nekuvandudza kuti tipe inonyatso tsigiro yehunyanzvi yekuvandudza CNC muchina maturusi.