Ongororo uye Zvigadziriso zveChishandiso Unclamping Malfunctions muMachining Centers
Abstract: Iri bepa rinotsanangudza zvakadzama pamusoro pezvakajairwa kusashanda zvakanaka mukushandisa kusunungura machining nzvimbo uye mhinduro dzadzo dzinoenderana. Iyo otomatiki chishandiso chekuchinja (ATC) yenzvimbo yekugadzira machining ine mhedzisiro yakakosha pakugadzirisa kunyatsoita uye nemazvo, uye maturusi ekusunungura malfunctions akajairika uye akaomarara pakati pawo. Kuburikidza nekuongorora kwakadzama kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusashanda zvakanaka, senge kusajairika muzvikamu zvakaita semudziyo usingavharidzi solenoid vharafu, silinda inorovera silinda, maplate echitubu, nekudhonza makudo, pamwe nematambudziko ane chekuita nemhepo, mabhatani, uye maseketi, uye akasanganiswa neanoenderana matanho ekugadzirisa matambudziko, ine chinangwa chekukurumidza kutarisisa vashandi nekugadzirisa machi machi. unclamping malfunctions, chengetedza kushanda kwakajairwa uye kwakagadzikana kwenzvimbo dzemachining, uye kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekugadzira uye kugadzirisa mhando.
I. Nhanganyaya
Semidziyo yepakati mumunda wemazuva ano mekiniki kugadzirisa, iyo otomatiki chishandiso chekuchinja (ATC) yenzvimbo yekugadzira machining yakavandudza zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka uye nemazvo. Pakati pavo, chishandiso kusunungura mashandiro ndicho chinhu chakakosha chinongedzo mune otomatiki chishandiso chekuchinja maitiro. Kamwe chishandiso kusunungura kusashanda zvakanaka kuchiitika, zvinotungamira zvakananga mukukanganisika kwekugadzirisa uye kukanganisa kufambira mberi kwekugadzira uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha zvikuru kuve nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvakajairwa kusashanda zvakanaka mukushandisa kusunungura nzvimbo dzemachining nemhinduro dzadzo.
II. Mhedziso yeMarudzi eOtomatiki Chishandiso Chekuchinja muMachining Centers uye Tool Unclamping Malfunctions.
Kune anonyanya kushandiswa marudzi maviri anowanzo shandiswa echishandiso chekuchinja nzira dze otomatiki chishandiso chekuchinja (ATC) munzvimbo dzemachining. Imwe ndeyekuti chishandiso chinotsinhana zvakananga neiyo spindle kubva kumagazini yekushandisa. Iyi nzira inoshanda kune diki machining nzvimbo, inoratidzwa neine diki maturusi magazini, mashoma maturusi, uye zviri nyore maturusi ekuchinja mashandiro. Kana kusashanda kwakadai sekudonhedza chishandiso kuchiitika, nekuda kwechimiro chisina kuoma, zviri nyore kuwana chinokonzera dambudziko nekuchibvisa nenguva. Imwe yacho ndeyekuvimba nemanipulator kuti ipedze kuchinjana kwezvishandiso pakati pechipindo nemagazini yezvishandiso. Kubva pamaonero ekugadzirisa uye kushanda, nzira iyi yakaoma kunzwisisa, inosanganisira kubatanidzwa kwakarongeka kwezvikamu zvakawanda zvemakina uye mashandiro. Naizvozvo, mukana uye mhando dzekusashanda panguva yekushandisa unclamping maitiro akawanda.
Panguva yekushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemachining, kutadza kuburitsa chishandiso chiratidzo chakajairwa chechishandiso unclamping malfunctions. Kusashanda uku kunogona kukonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakawanda, uye zvinotevera zvinoitisa ongororo yakadzama yezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusashanda zvakanaka.
Panguva yekushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemachining, kutadza kuburitsa chishandiso chiratidzo chakajairwa chechishandiso unclamping malfunctions. Kusashanda uku kunogona kukonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakawanda, uye zvinotevera zvinoitisa ongororo yakadzama yezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusashanda zvakanaka.
III. Ongororo yeZvikonzero Zvechishandiso Chisina Kusashanda zvakanaka
(I) Kukuvadza kuChishandiso Unclamping Solenoid Valve
Chishandiso chinosunungura solenoid vharafu chinoita basa rakakosha mukudzora mafambiro emhepo kana hydraulic oiri panguva yechishandiso unclamping process. Kana iyo solenoid valve yakakuvadzwa, inogona kusakwanisa kushandura mhepo kana mafuta dunhu zvakajairika, zvichikonzera kusakwanisa kuendesa simba rinodiwa kune chishandiso unclamping kuzvikamu zvinoenderana. Semuyenzaniso, matambudziko akadai sevhavha musimboti kubatika kana kuti electromagnetic coil kupisa kunze zvinogona kuitika muvharuvhu ye solenoid. Kana iyo core yevhavha yakanamatira, iyo solenoid valve haizokwanisi kushandura mamiriro e-off-off yemigwagwa mukati mevhavha maererano nemirayiridzo. Kana iyo electromagnetic coil ikapisa, inotungamira zvakananga mukurasikirwa kwekutonga basa reiyo solenoid valve.
(II) Kukuvadza kune Spindle Tool-Kurova Cylinder
Iyo spindle tool-kurova cylinder chinhu chakakosha chinopa simba rekushandisa unclamping. Kukuvadzwa kwesilinda-kurova silinda kunogona kuratidza sekudonha kwemhepo kana kubuda kwemafuta kunokonzerwa nekuchembera kana kukuvadzwa kwezvisimbiso, zvichikonzera kusakwanisa kweiyo silinda-inorova cylinder kuburitsa kusunda kwakakwana kana kudhonza kupedzisa chishandiso kusunungura mashandiro. Uye zvakare, kupfeka kana deformation yezvikamu zvakaita sepiston uye piston tsvimbo mukati me-turusi-inorova cylinder ichakanganisawo kuita kwayo kwakajairika kushanda uye kukanganisa chishandiso kusunungura mashandiro.
(III) Kukuvadza kune Spindle Spring Plates
Iyo spindle chitubu mahwendefa anoita basa rekubatsira mune chishandiso unclamping maitiro, semuenzaniso, kupa imwe elastic buffer kana chishandiso chasimbiswa uye kusunungurwa. Kana mahwendefa echitubu akakuvadzwa, angave asingakwanisi kupa simba rakakodzera rakasimba, zvichiita kuti chigadziriswe chisina kuchena chinoshandiswa. Mahwendefa echitubu anogona kunge aine mamiriro akadai sekutsemuka, deformation, kana kupera simba elasticity. Chitubu chakatsemuka ndiro haizokwanisi kushanda zvakajairika. Yakaremara chitubu ndiro inoshandura hunhu hwayo hwekumanikidza, uye kushaya simba kusimba kunogona kuita kuti chishandiso chirege kuvharika zvachose kubva kune yakaomeswa mamiriro eiyo spindle panguva yekusunungura chishandiso.
(IV) Kukuvadza kuSpindle Dhonza Claws
Iyo spindle inodhonza makuhwa zvinhu zvinobata zvakananga mudziyo shank kuti uwane kuomesa uye kusunungura chishandiso. Kukuvadzwa kwezvipikiri zvekudhonza kunogona kukonzerwa nekupfeka nekuda kwekushandisa kwenguva refu, zvichikonzera kuderera kwekukodzera kwakakodzera pakati pezvipikisi zvekudhonza uye shank yekushandisa uye kusakwanisa kubata zvakanaka kana kusunungura chishandiso. Iyo mbavha yekudhonza inogona zvakare kuve nekukuvadza kwakakomba mamiriro akadai sekutyoka kana deformation. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chishandiso hachizokwanisi kusunungurwa kazhinji.
(V) Mhepo isina kukwana
Munzvimbo dzemuchina dzakashongedzerwa nepneumatic tool unclamping system, kugadzikana uye kukwana kwemhepo sosi kwakakosha kune chishandiso kusunungura mashandiro. Kusakwana kwemhepo sosi kunogona kukonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakaita sekutadza kwemhepo compressor, kuputika kana kuvharika kwepombi dzemhepo, uye kurongeka kwakashata kwemhepo sosi yekumanikidza. Kana iyo mhepo inotsikirira isina kukwana, haizokwanisi kupa simba rakakwana kune chishandiso unclamping mudziyo, zvichikonzera kusakwanisa kwezvikamu zvakaita sesilinda-inorova cylinder kushanda zvakajairika, uye nekudaro kukanganisa kwekutadza kusunungura chishandiso kuchaitika.
(VI) Kubata Kwakashata kweTool Unclamping Bhatani
The tool unclamping bhatani chinhu chinoshanda chinoshandiswa nevashandisi kukonzeresa chishandiso unclamping rairo. Kana bhatani riine kusabatana kwakashata, zvinogona kutungamira mukusakwanisa kwechishandiso chekumisa chiratidzo kuti chifambiswe kune yekudzora system zvakajairika, uye nekudaro chishandiso chekusunungura mashandiro hachigone kutangwa. Kusagona kubata kwebhatani kunogona kukonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakaita seoxidation, kupfeka kwemukati mekubatana, kana kutadza kwechirimo.
(VII) Masenhu Akaputsika
Iyo yekushandisa unclamping control ye machining centre inosanganisira kubatana kwemaseketi emagetsi. Maseketi akaputsika anozotungamira mukuvhiringidzwa kwezviratidzo zvekudzora. Semuyenzaniso, masekete anobatanidza mativi akadai semudziyo unosunungura solenoid vharafu uye chishandiso-inorova cylinder sensor inogona kutyoka nekuda kwekufamba kwenguva refu, kupfeka, kana kudhonzwa nemasimba ekunze. Mushure mekunge masekete aputswa, zvikamu zvakakosha hazvigone kugashira masaini ekutonga, uye chishandiso chekusunungura mashandiro hachigone kuitwa zvakajairika.
(VIII) Kushaikwa kweOiri muChishandiso-Kurova Cylinder Oiri Cup
Kune machining nzvimbo ane hydraulic chishandiso-kurova silinda, kushaikwa kwemafuta mumudziyo-kurova silinda yemafuta kapu kuchakanganisa kushanda kwakajairwa kwechishandiso-kurova silinda. Oiri isina kukwana inotungamira mukushambidzika kwemafuta mukati mesilinda-inorova cylinder, kuwedzera kupokana pakati pezvikamu, uye zvinogona kukonzera kuti silinda-inorova cylinder itadze kuvaka yakaringana kudzvanywa kwemafuta kutyaira piston kufamba, zvichikanganisa kufambira mberi kwechishandiso kusunungura mashandiro.
(IX) Chishandiso Shank Collet cheMutengi Hachisangane Nezvinodiwa Zvinodiwa
Kana chishandiso shank collet chinoshandiswa nemutengi chikasasangana nezvinodiwa zvemachining Center, matambudziko anogona kuitika panguva yekusunungura chishandiso. Semuyenzaniso, kana saizi yecollet yakakurisa kana kuti idiki zvakanyanya, zvinogona kukonzera kuti makunakuna ekudhonzwa atadza kubata zvakanaka kana kusunungura shank yemudziyo, kana kuunza kuramba kusingaite panguva yekusunungura chishandiso, zvichikonzera kutadza kuburitsa chishandiso.
IV. Matambudziko Nzira dzeTool Unclamping Malfunctions
(I) Tarisa Kushanda kweSolenoid Valve uye Dzorera Iyo kana Yakakuvadzwa
Chekutanga, shandisa maturusi ehunyanzvi kutarisa kushanda kwechishandiso unclamping solenoid valve. Iwe unogona kuona kana iyo yepakati yevhavha ye solenoid valve inoshanda zvakajairwa kana ichibatidzwa nekudzimwa, kana kushandisa multimeter kutarisa kana kukosha kwekupokana kweiyo electromagnetic coil ye solenoid valve iri mukati meyakajairika renji. Kana zvikaonekwa kuti simbi yevhavha yakanamatira, unogona kuedza kuchenesa nekuchengetedza solenoid valve kubvisa tsvina uye tsvina pamusoro pevhavha yevhavha. Kana iyo electromagnetic coil ikatsva, itsva solenoid valve inoda kutsiviwa. Paunenge uchitsiva solenoid valve, iva nechokwadi chekusarudza chigadzirwa chine muenzaniso wakafanana kana unowirirana seyepakutanga uye uchiisa maererano nematanho ekugadzirisa.
(II) Tarisa Kushanda kweChishandiso-Kurova Cylinder uye Dzorera Iyo kana Yakakuvadzwa
Kune silinda inorovera turusi, tarisa kuita kwayo yekuvharisa, kufamba kwepiston, nezvimwewo. Unogona kutanga watonga kana zvisimbiso zvakuvadzwa nekutarisa kana kune kubuda kwemhepo kana kubuda kwemafuta kunze kwesilinda-inorova cylinder. Kana paine kuvuza, zvinodikanwa kuparadzanisa silinda-inorova cylinder uye kutsiva zvisimbiso. Panguva imwecheteyo, tarisa kana pane kupfeka kana deformation yezvikamu zvakadai sepiston uye piston rod. Kana pane matambudziko, zvikamu zvinowirirana zvinofanira kuchinjwa panguva yakakodzera. Paunenge uchiisa silinda-inorova cylinder, teerera kugadzirisa sitiroko uye chinzvimbo chepiston kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inoenderana nezvinodiwa zvechishandiso unclamping operation.
(III) Tarisa iyo Dhigirii Yekukuvadza kune Spring Plates uye Dzorera Ivo kana Zvichidikanwa
Paunenge uchitarisa mahwendefa echitubu, nyatsotarisa kana pane zviratidzo zviri pachena zvekukuvadza zvakadai sekutsemuka kana deformation. Kune mahwendefa akaremara zvishoma, unogona kuedza kuzvigadzirisa. Zvisinei, kune mahwendefa echirimo akatsemuka, akaremara zvakanyanya, kana kuti ane kushaya simba, mahwendefa matsva echirimo anofanira kutsiviwa. Paunenge uchitsiva mahwendefa echitubu, teerera pakusarudza kwakakodzera zvirevo uye zvinhu kuti uone kuti kuita kwavo kunosangana nezvinodiwa zvemachining centre.
(IV) Tarisa kana Spindle Dhonza Makuhwa Ari muChimiro Chakanaka uye Dzorera Iwo Kana Yakakuvadzwa kana Yakasakara.
Kana uchitarisa makunakuna ekudhonzwa, tanga watarisa kuti pane kusakara, kutsemuka, zvichingodaro pachitarisiko chekudhonza nzwara. Wobva washandisa maturusi akakosha kuyera kurongeka kwakakodzera pakati pekudhonza makudo uye shank yemudziyo, sekuti gap rakakurisa. Kana makuhwa ekudhonza akapfekwa, anogona kugadziriswa. Semuenzaniso, iyo chaiyo yepamusoro inogona kudzoreredzwa kuburikidza nekukuya uye mamwe maitiro. Kune nzwara dzekudhonza dzakatyoka kana kusakara zvakanyanya uye dzisingagone kugadzirwa, nzwara itsva dzinokweva dzinofanira kutsiviwa. Mushure mekutsiva machira ekudhonza, debugging inofanirwa kuitwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vanogona kubata nemazvo uye kusunungura chishandiso.
(V) Tarisa iyo Dhigirii Yekukuvadza kune Bhatani uye Dzorera Iyo kana Yakakuvadzwa
Kune bhatani rekusunungura bhatani, bvisa bhatani ganda uye tarisa oxidation uye kupfeka kwemukati mabatiki pamwe nekunyungudika kwechirimo. Kana mabatirwo acho akaiswa oxidized, unogona kushandisa sandpaper kupukuta zvinyoro uye kubvisa iyo oxide layer. Kana iyo yekubatika yakasakara zvakanyanya kana chitubu chikatadza, bhatani idzva rinofanira kutsiviwa. Paunenge uchiisa bhatani, ita shuwa kuti bhatani rakaiswa zvakasimba, kuvhiya kunonzwa kwakajairwa, uye rinogona kufambisa nemazvo chishandiso chekuisa chiratidzo kune iyo control system.
(VI) Tarisai Kana Matunhu Akatyoka
Tarisa pamwe nechokushandisa unclamping control masekete kuti uone kana paine akatyoka maseketi. Kune zvinofungidzirwa zvikamu zvakaputsika, unogona kushandisa multimeter kuita bvunzo yekuenderera. Kana zvikaonekwa kuti masekete akatyoka, tsvaga nzvimbo chaiyo yekuputsika, cheka chikamu chakakanganisika chedunhu, wobva washandisa akakodzera maturusi ekubatanidza waya senge welding kana crimping kuti uvabatanidze. Mushure mekubatanidza, shandisa insulating zvinhu senge insulating tepi kuti insulate majoini edunhu kudzivirira pfupi-dunhu uye mamwe matambudziko.
(VII) Zadza Mafuta muChishandiso-Kurova Cylinder Oiri Cup
Kana kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemafuta mumudziyo-kurova cylinder mafuta kapu, tanga watsvaga nzvimbo yemudziyo-inorova cylinder mafuta cup. Wobva washandisa iyo yakataurwa mhando yehydraulic mafuta kuzadza mafuta zvishoma nezvishoma mukapu yemafuta uchitarisa mwero wemafuta mukapu yemafuta uye usingapfuure chiyero chepamusoro chemukombe wemafuta. Mushure mekuzadza oiri, tanga iyo machining Center uye itisa akati wandei maturusi ekumisa bvunzo kuita kuti oiri itenderere zvizere mukati mesilinda-inorova cylinder uye ona kuti silinda yekurova-turusi inoshanda zvakajairwa.
(VIII) Isa maCollets anosangana neiyo Standard
Kana zvaonekwa kuti chishandiso shank collet yemutengi hachizadzise zvinodiwa, mutengi anofanirwa kuziviswa nenguva uye anodiwa kutsiva chishandiso shank collet inosangana neyakajairwa yakatarwa nzvimbo yekugadzira machining. Mushure mekutsiva iyo collet, edza kuisirwa kwechishandiso uye chishandiso kusunungura mashandiro kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chishandiso chekusunungura malfunctions anokonzerwa nezvinetso zvecollet hazvichaitike.
V. Matanho ekudzivirira eChishandiso cheUnclamping Malfunctions
Pamusoro pekukwanisa kubvisa nekukasira kubvisa maturusi ekusashanda zvakanaka pazvinoitika, kutora matanho ekudzivirira kunogona kudzikisira mukana wekushandisa kusashanda zvakanaka kwechombo.
(I) Nguva Dzose Kuchengeta
Gadzira hurongwa hwekugadzirisa hune musoro hwenzvimbo yekugadzira uye gara uchitarisa, kuchenesa, kuzora, uye gadzirisa zvinhu zvine chekuita nemudziyo unclamping. Semuenzaniso, gara uchitarisa mamiriro ekushanda kwechishandiso unclamping solenoid valve uye kuchenesa musimboti wevhavha; tarisa zvisimbiso uye mamiriro emafuta echombo-kurova silinda uye nekukasira kutsiva zvisimbiso zvekuchembera uye kuzadza mafuta; tarisa kupera kweiyo spindle kudhonza makudo uye mahwendefa echitubu uye ita gadziriso inodiwa kana kutsiva.
(II) Kushanda Kwazvo uye Kushandisa
Vashandi vanofanirwa kuwana kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi uye kujairana nemafambisirwo emashandiro enzvimbo yekugadzira michina. Panguva yekushanda, shandisa bhatani rekusunungura bhatani nenzira kwayo uye dzivirira misoperation. Semuenzaniso, usadzvanya nechisimba bhatani rekusunungura bhatani kana chishandiso chiri kutenderera kudzivirira kukuvadza chishandiso chinosunungura zvinhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, teerera kuti kuisirwa kwechishandiso shank kwakaringana uye ona kuti chishandiso shank collet inosangana nezvinodiwa.
(III) Kudzora kwezvakatipoteredza
Chengetedza nzvimbo yekushanda yenzvimbo yekugadzira yakachena, yakaoma, uye pane tembiricha yakakodzera. Dzivisa tsvina yakaita seguruva uye mwando kupinda mukati memudziyo wekusunungura mudziyo kudzivirira zvinhu kubva kuita ngura, kuita ngura, kana kuvharika. Dzora tembiricha yenzvimbo yekushanda mukati meiyo inobvumidzwa renji yenzvimbo yekugadzira kuti udzivise kushatisa kwekuita kana kukuvadzwa kwezvikamu zvinokonzerwa nekunyanya kupisa kana kuderera zvakanyanya.
VI. Mhedziso
Tool unclamping malfunctions munzvimbo dzemuchina ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinokanganisa kushanda kwakajairwa kwenzvimbo dzemachining. Kuburikidza nekuongorora kwakadzama kwezvikonzero zvinowanzokonzera kusashanda zvakanaka kwechombo, zvinosanganisira kukuvadzwa kwezvinhu zvakaita sechidzitiro chisingabhadhare solenoid valve, cylinder inorovera cylinder, maplate echitubu, nekudhonza makudo, pamwe nematambudziko ane chekuita nemhepo, mabhatani, uye maseketi, uye akasanganiswa nenzira dzinoenderana dzekugadzirisa matambudziko ezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusashanda zvakanaka, kuzadza kukuvara, uye kuzadza mafuta. kugadzirisa maseketi, uye yakasanganiswa nemaitiro ekudzivirira ezvishandiso zvisina kusimba, senge kugadzirisa nguva dzose, kushanda kwakaringana uye kushandiswa, uye kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza, kuvimbika kwechishandiso chisina kuvharwa munzvimbo dzemachining kunogona kuvandudzwa zvinobudirira, mukana wekusashanda zvakanaka unogona kuderedzwa, kushanda kwakanaka uye kwakagadzikana kwenzvimbo dzemachining kunogona kuve nechokwadi uye kugadzirisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa, uye kugadzirwa kwemuchina kunogona kuvandudzwa. Vashandi pamwe nevashandi vekuchengetedza machining nzvimbo vanofanirwa kuve nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kweizvi zvinokonzeresa kusashanda uye mhinduro kuitira kuti vagone nekukurumidza uye nemazvo kuongorora uye kubata chishandiso unclamping malfunctions mubasa rinoshanda uye kupa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwekugadzira nekugadzira mabhizinesi.